Systolic And Diastolic Blood Pressure

Pressure increases due to an increase in cardiac output or increasing vascular tone, an important role in the regulation of which belongs to the kidneys. Therefore, they say that pressure is the upper (systolic), which is fixed at the time of reduction of cardiac muscle (systole), and lower (diastolic) - it is determined at the time of relaxation of muscles of the heart (diastole). An important feature of vascular tone is the so-called mean arterial pressure, defined as the product of systolic and diastolic blood pressure twice, divided by three.

Hypertension often occurs in people with a genetic predisposition to it. If your direct relatives have suffered from high blood pressure at age 50, then you risk getting this diagnosis. At the same time, 90% of patients doctors could not determine the exact cause of hypertension and call it the primary. Chances are sick hypertension increased in people with excess body weight, with age, with alcohol abuse, smokers, have abusive salty food, and those who lead a sedentary lifestyle. Risk factor for high blood pressure is a lack of sleep. According to American scientists, people sleeping less than 5 hours a day, suffer from hypertension for 60% more likely than those who slept for 6-9 hours.

Increased pressure can also be a symptom of other diseases (secondary hypertension). The most common cause of such diseases are diseases of the kidneys. There are also frequent the so-called endocrine hypertension, when hormonal imbalance in the body leads to the development of disease. Especially dangerous excess activity of the pituitary, increased content of certain thyroid hormones, adrenal gland. The reasons for increasing the pressure may have some congenital and acquired heart diseases, head trauma, brain tumor. By increasing pressure can also cause the use of certain medicines, such as hormonal contraceptives, drugs which depress the appetite, steroid hormones, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin, nidometatsin and others), certain antidepressants.